Children who suffer from neurodevelopmental disorders such as autism, ADHD, or learning disabilities often encounter numerous obstacles with their cognitive functions. For instance, children with autism may exhibit behaviors such as lack of eye contact, delayed responses, disinterest, and trouble with learning and memory, which can significantly impact their growth, relationships, and overall quality of life.?
It is important to note that 1autism affects approximately 1 in 100 children worldwide and comprises a broad range of conditions that impact brain function.?
Each case of autism is unique and falls on a different level of the Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), which can affect communication, socialization, and interaction with others. Although the signs of autism can manifest in early childhood, most cases are diagnosed between 2-3 years of age. The condition and requirements of a child with autism may change over time and can either improve or worsen.?
1. Delayed speech
2. Delayed mobility skills
3. Slow learning and cognitive skills
4. Having seizure attacks
5. Gastrointestinal problems
6. Unusual and extreme mood swings
7. Changing sleeping and eating patterns
8. Indifferent behavior towards other people
9. Repetitive actions
10. Delayed reactions and responses to events
Symptoms of autism vary in range and intensity from person to person. Children with autism face many challenges in their everyday lives due to difficulties with motor and cognitive skills. They may struggle with loud sounds and bright lights, have difficulty building social relationships, experience issues with daily functioning, and develop sleep and mood disorders. These challenges also affect the child's parents or guardians, who may find it challenging to meet the child's needs. To support parents, here are some guidelines for taking care of a child with autism:
When your child has intense and frequent mood swings, it can be easy to get angry or upset. But it's important for parents to stay calm and patient during those times, because getting upset can make things worse for both the parent and the child. One way to stay calm is to set up signals or signs that everyone knows, like a sign for a timeout. Parents should also try to respond slowly and calmly, and make sure that they always give the same messages and cues to their child.
Children who have ADHD may behave in an exaggerated way to get attention from their parents. Parents need to teach their children that they will get attention when they ask calmly, rather than throwing tantrums or shouting. It is also important for parents to avoid scolding the child when they have mood swings or tantrums. Instead, they should wait until the child is calm to have a discussion about what happened.
Children who use smartphones often get very absorbed in them and can become addicted, which can harm their brain development and ability to learn. Children with autism can still use smartphones, but it is important to make sure they also participate in physical activities.
As children grow up, they seek more independence and respect. Parents of children with autism may feel like they need to provide extra care and that their child is always dependent on them. However, it's important to remember that children with autism also want to feel independent and respected. It's best to avoid overprotecting them and instead develop regular practices that help them become more independent.
Spend time with your child every day and be genuinely interested in what they are doing. Play with them, have fun, and bond with them to relieve stress and build a strong relationship. Kids can tell if you are just pretending to be interested.
Parents need to take care of their own physical and mental health, and seek help from therapists, relatives, neighbors, or extended family in taking care of their child with autism. Although autism cannot be completely cured, early diagnosis, treatment, and support can help the child to function better and lead a happy life.
About the author: Dr. Gagandeep Kaur is a Consultant in Paediatrics and Neonatology at Manipal Hospital Patiala. All views/opinions expressed in the article are of the author.?