National Science Day 2024: 7 Indian Scientists Who Changed The World With Their Amazing Inventions
National Science Day, celebrated on February 28, commemorates the discovery of the 'Raman Effect' by Sir Chandrasekhara Venkata Raman, also known as CV Raman. The theme for National Science Day 2024 is 'Indigenous Technologies For Viksit Bharat'. In 1986, the Government of India designated February 28 as National Science Day (NSD) to honor this discovery, for which Raman was awarded the Nobel Prize in 1930.?
The day is an opportunity to recognize the contributions of Indian scientists to the field of science and to reaffirm our commitment to leveraging the power of science for human progress. It is also a reminder of the importance of science in our daily lives, as it has led to numerous technological advancements that have improved our quality of life.
India has a rich legacy of scientific contributions, with many Indian scientists leaving an indelible mark on the world stage. As we celebrate National Science Day 2024, it's a fitting time to reflect on the achievements of some of the most famous Indian scientists who have changed the world.
1. C.V Raman
Chandrasekhara Venkata Raman, born on November 7, 1888, in Trichy, Tamil Nadu, was an Indian physicist. He discovered the Raman Effect, which earned him the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1930. This discovery helped scientists understand how light interacts with matter. Raman's work laid the foundation for the field of Raman spectroscopy, which is used in chemistry, physics, and biology. He was also awarded the Bharat Ratna, India's highest civilian award, in 1954. Raman passed away on November 21, 1970, leaving behind a legacy of groundbreaking scientific contributions.
2. APJ Abdul Kalam
APJ Abdul Kalam was born on 15th October 1931 in Rameswaram, Tamil Nadu. He was a renowned Indian scientist and served as India's president from 2002 to 2007. He began his career as an aerospace engineer at the Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) and later contributed significantly to India's missile and nuclear programs. He was the project director of SLV-III, India's first Satellite Launch Vehicle, and was instrumental in deploying the satellite Rohini in 1980. Kalam was awarded the Padma Bhushan in 1981, the Padma Vibhushan in 1990, and the Bharat Ratna in 1997. He passed away on 27th July 2015.
3. Homi J Bhabha
Homi Jehangir Bhabha was born on October 30, 1909. He was an Indian nuclear physicist who played a key role in India's nuclear program. Bhabha convinced Jawaharlal Nehru to start the nuclear program. He founded the Tata Institute of Fundamental Research in 1945 and the Atomic Energy Commission in 1948. He was the chairman of the Atomic Energy Commission. Bhabha died in a plane crash on January 24, 1966. He was known as the father of India's nuclear program. He was awarded the Padma Bhushan in 1954 and the Padma Vibhushan in 1960.
4. Srinivasa Ramanujan
Srinivasa Ramanujan was born on December 22, 1887, in Tamil Nadu, India. He was a self-taught mathematical genius who made extraordinary contributions to the field of mathematics. Despite facing many challenges, he developed groundbreaking theories in number theory, infinite series, and continued fractions. His work was so advanced that it took years for other mathematicians to understand and appreciate it. In 1913, he was invited to Cambridge University, where he collaborated with renowned mathematicians like G.H. Hardy. Ramanujan was elected a fellow of the Royal Society in 1918. He passed away on April 26, 1920, at the young age of 32.
5. Hargobind Khorana
Har Gobind Khorana, born on January 9, 1922, in Raipur, Punjab, was an Indian-American biochemist. He won the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1968 for his work on the interpretation of the genetic code and its function in protein synthesis. Khorana's research helped to decipher the genetic code and understand how the information in DNA is used to make proteins. He also developed methods for synthesizing DNA and RNA. His work laid the foundation for the development of gene therapy and the biotechnology industry. Khorana passed away on November 9, 2011, in Concord, Massachusetts, USA.
6. Satyendra Nath Bose
Satyendra Nath Bose, born on January 1, 1894, in Calcutta (now Kolkata), was an Indian physicist and mathematician. He is best known for his collaboration with Albert Einstein on the Bose-Einstein statistics, which laid the foundation for the theory of quantum mechanics. Bose was a fellow of the Royal Society of London and was awarded the Padma Vibhushan, India's second-highest civilian award, in 1954. He passed away on February 4, 1974. Bose's work has had a profound impact on the field of physics, and his name is immortalized in the class of particles known as bosons.
7. Jagadish Chandra Bose
Jagadish Chandra Bose was born on November 30, 1858, in Mymensingh, Bengal Presidency (now in Bangladesh). He was a scientist known for his contributions to plant science and radio and microwave optics. Bose invented the crescograph, a device that measures the growth of plants. He was one of the few scientists who opposed patenting his inventions. In 1937, he passed away on November 23. He was an Indian polymath, physicist, biologist, biophysicist, botanist, archaeologist, and writer. He pioneered the investigation of radio and microwave optics, made significant contributions to plant science, and laid the foundation of experimental science in the Indian subcontinent.
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