Covid-19 resurgence: JN.1 variant drives surge in new cases in Southeast Asia¡ªwhat¡¯s causing the sudden spike?

Is COVID-19 back in India? After almost five years, the virus is here again to haunt us. Currently, Southeast Asia, including Hong Kong, Singapore, and Thailand, is witnessing a surge in COVID-19 cases. However, India is no exception; the country has reported 257 mild cases so far, as of May 20, 2025.

According to PTI, India reported 257 fresh COVID-19 cases and is currently monitoring the situation minutely. However, most of the cases are mild in nature with no unusual severity.

On the other hand, Hong Kong, Singapore, Thailand, and even China have reported a spike in a fresh wave of COVID-19 cases over the past few weeks. But what led to the sudden spike in cases in Asia?

Reasons behind the sudden spike in COVID-19 cases in Asia

According to Singapore¡¯s health ministry, from April 27 to May 3, 2025, the estimated number of COVID-19 cases suddenly jumped to 14,200 cases from 11,100 reported last week.

Over the same time, the average daily count of COVID-19 hospitalisations rose from 102 to 133; however, the average daily Intensive Care Unit (ICU) cases reduced from three to two cases.

A similar incident was noted in Thailand, where the cases spiked from 6,000 on May 17 to 33,030 on May 11, as per the Department of Disease Control. While something similar was noted in Hong Kong as well.

Credit: X | @GlobalXInt

Attributing what are the reasons that led to the sudden spike in cases in these countries, the Singapore health authorities mentioned linking it to the waning immunity among the population and the spread of new variants, such as LF.7 and NB.1.8, which are descendants of the JN.1 variant that emerged in 2024.

Who is at risk of the JN.1 variant?

The report went on to mention that as the new cases are being reported, it is an indication that protection from previous infections or vaccinations is gradually decreasing over time. ¡°Since the COVID-19 cases are rapidly rising in the country because of the JN.1 variant, it's crucial to adopt preventive measures to prevent the infection,¡± says Dr. Harish Chafle, Senior Consultant Intensivist, Chest Physician, Bronchoscopist, and Sleep Disorders Specialist at Gleneagles Hospital Parel, Mumbai.

¡°Even though the infection is mild, follow these precautionary measures,¡± he adds.

?? BREAKING:

China ?? Hit by New COVID Surge Driven by Omicron XDV and NB.1.8.1 Variants Hospitals Overwhelmed, Beijing Warns of Delayed Response pic.twitter.com/rV94kHq3T3

¡ª SARS?CoV?2 (COVID-19) (@COVID19_disease) May 20, 2025

Importance of masks and handwashing

It is necessary to wear a mask when in crowded or poorly ventilated areas. ¡°Wash your hands with soap and water, and also sanitise them after touching any surface or object. Don¡¯t come in contact with individuals who are sick. Take the COVID-19 vaccination and booster shot without any further delay. Seek timely attention if you notice symptoms such as fever, cough, headaches, and sore throat,¡± advises Dr. Chafle.

¡°Masks should be made compulsory at heavily crowded public places,¡± he adds. However, according to Dr. Divya Joshi, consultant in infectious diseases at Fortis Hospital, Bannerghatta Road, there is no need to hurry to buy any masks just yet.

Credit: PTI

Indian health authorities say there is no cause for alarm as the COVID-19 situation seems to be well under control, and the circulating viral strains do not appear to be more virulent than before. You could still go wrong preparing yourself, especially if you have compromised immunity or pre-existing conditions.

¡°If you are in a higher risk category or are in a crowded venue or exhibit symptoms, wear a mask. Check with the doctor if you have a viral respiratory infection and take precautions appropriately if you are in a high-risk group or see a spike in cases,¡± she adds.

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